What are the sins for which people will be punished in the grave?.
Praise be to Allaah.
In the answer to question no.
45325 , we have mentioned some
of these reasons. Here we will list some of these sins, along with evidence
from the Qur’aan and Sunnah.
Shirk (associating others with Allaah) and kufr
(disbelieving in Him)
Allaah says concerning the people of Pharaoh (interpretation
of the meaning):
“The Fire, they are exposed to it, morning and afternoon.
And on the Day when the Hour will be established (it will be said to the
angels): ‘Cause Fir‘awn’s (Pharaoh) people to enter the severest torment!’”
[Ghaafir 40:46]
And Allaah says (interpretation of the meaning):
“And if you could but see when the Zaalimoon (polytheists
and wrongdoers) are in the agonies of death, while the angels are stretching
forth their hands (saying): ‘Deliver your souls! This day you shall be
recompensed with the torment of degradation because of what you used to
utter against Allaah other than the truth. And you used to reject His Ayaat
(proofs, evidences, verses, lessons, signs, revelations, etc.) with
disrespect!’”
[al-An’aam 6:93]
When death approaches the kaafir, the angels tell him of what
is awaiting of him of punishment, chains and fire, and the wrath of Allaah;
his soul disperses in his body and refuses to leave his body, and the angels
beat him until his soul comes out of his body, saying, “Deliver your
souls! This day you shall be recompensed with the torment of degradation”
[al-An’aam 6:93].
Evidence that shirk is one of the causes of punishment in the
grave is to be found in the hadeeth of Zayd ibn Thaabit (may Allaah be
pleased with him) who said: When the Prophet (peace and blessings of
Allaah be upon him) was in a garden belonging to Banu’l-Najjaar on a mule of
his and we were with him, it stumbled and nearly threw him. There he saw
some graves, six or five or four. He said: “Who knows the occupants of these
graves?” A man said: I do.” He said: “When did these people die?” He said:
“They died in shirk.” He said: “This ummah will be punished in their graves.
Were it not that you would not bury one another, I would pray to Allaah to
make you hear what I hear of the torment in the grave.” Then he turned to us
and said: “Seek refuge with Allaah from the punishment of Hellfire…”
Narrated by Muslim 2867.
The words in this hadeeth, “They died in shirk,” indicate
that shirk is a cause of the punishment in the grave.
Hypocrisy is one of the causes of the punishment in the
grave
The hypocrites are those who most deserve to be punished in
the grave. How can it be otherwise when they are the ones who will occupy
the lowest level of Hell?
Allaah says (interpretation of the meaning):
“And among the bedouins around you, some are hypocrites,
and so are some among the people of Al‑Madinah who persist in hypocrisy; you
(O Muhammad) know them not, We know them. We shall punish them twice, and
thereafter they shall be brought back to a great (horrible) torment”
[al-Tawbah 9:101]
Qataadah and al-Rabee’ ibn Anas said concerning the phrase “We
shall punish them twice”: once in this world, and
the second is the punishment in the grave.
In the hadeeth about the questioning of the two angels and
the torment of the grave, the word hypocrite (munaafiq), or skeptic
(murtaab) in many reports, is clearly mentioned, as in the report narrated
by al-Bukhaari (1374) from Anas (may Allaah be pleased with him): “… as for
the kaafir and the hypocrite, it will be said to him…”. And in
al-Saheehayn it is narrated from Asma’ (may Allaah be pleased with her):
“As for the hypocrite or the skeptic…”
Changing the religion of Allaah, by forbidding that which
Allaah has permitted or permitting that which He has forbidden
The evidence that this changing of the religion of Allaah is
one of the causes of punishment in the grave is the words of the Prophet
(peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him): “I saw ‘Amr ibn ‘Aamir
al-Khuzaa’i dragging his intestines in Hell. He was the first one to
introduce the institution of al-saa’ibah.” Narrated by al-Bukhaari, 4623.
The saa’ibah was a she-camel, cow or sheep which they would
leave to graze for the sake of the false gods, and it would not be ridden,
eaten or used for carrying burdens. Some of them would make vows to make
part of their wealth a saa’ibah.
Shaykh al-Islam Ibn Taymiyah (may Allaah have mercy on him)
said: The Arabs, from among the sons of Ismaa’eel and others, who lived in
the environs of the Ancient House that had been built by Ibraaheem and
Ismaa’eel, were haneefs (monotheists) who followed the religion of
Ibraaheem, until one of the leaders of Khuzaa’ah, namely ‘Amr ibn Luhayy,
changed his religion. He was the first one to change the religion of
Ibraaheem to shirk and forbid things that Allaah had not forbidden. Hence
the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: “I saw
‘Amr ibn Luhayy dragging his intestines.”
Daqaa’iq al-Tafseer, 2/71
Not taking care to avoid getting urine on oneself, and
spreading malicious gossip among people
It was narrated that Ibn ‘Abbaas said: The Messenger of
Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) passed by two graves
and said, “They are being punished, but they are not being punished for
something that was difficult to avoid. One of them used to walk about
spreading nameemah (malicious gossip) and the other used not to take care to
avoid getting urine on himself.” Narrated by al-Bukhaari (218) and Muslim
(292).
It was narrated from Ibn ‘Abbaas (may Allaah be pleased with
him) that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said:
“Most of the torment of the grave is because of urine, so be careful to
avoid it.” Narrated by al-Daaraqutni and classed as saheeh by al-Albaani in
Saheeh al-Targheeb (1/152).
Gheebah (backbiting)
Based on that, al-Bukhaari (may Allaah have mercy on him)
included a chapter in Kitaab al-Janaa’iz (the Book of Funerals)
called: “Punishment of the grave because of backbiting and urine.” Then he
narrated therein the hadeeth about the two graves quoted above, except that
the version of al-Bukhaari does not mention backbiting, rather it speaks of
nameemah (malicious gossip), but as was his wont, he referred to what was
narrated in some versions of the hadeeth: “As for the other, he is being
punished for backbiting.”
Narrated by Ahmad (5/35); classed as saheeh by al-Albaani in
Saheeh al-Targheeb wa’l-Tarheeb (1/66)
Lying
According to the hadeeth of Samurah ibn Jundub (may Allaah be
pleased with him), the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon
him) said:
“… We came to a man who was lying flat on his back, with
another man standing over him, holding an iron hook. He put the hook in the
man's mouth and tore off that side of his face to the back (of his neck),
and he tore his nose and his eye from front to back in a similar manner.
Then he turned to the other side of the man's face and did likewise. No
sooner had he finished the second side but the first side was restored to
its former state, then he went back and did the same thing again. I said to
my two companions, ‘Subhaan Allaah! Who are these two persons?’
At the end of the hadeeth, he said concerning this one who
was being punished: “is the man who goes out of his house in the morning and
tells a lie that is so serious that it spreads all over the world”. Narrated
by al-Bukhaari (7074).
Forsaking the Qur’aan after having learned it, sleeping
and missing an obligatory prayer
In the hadeeth of Samurah ibn Jundub he said: The Messenger
of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: “… we came
across a man who was lying down, with another man standing over him, holding
a big rock. He threw the rock at the man's head, smashing it. The rock
rolled away, and the one who had thrown it followed it, and picked it up. By
the time he came back to the man, his head had been restored to its former
state. Then he (the one who had thrown the rock) did the same as he had done
before. I said to my two companions, ‘Subhaan Allaah! Who are these
two persons?’ … ‘The one whom you saw with his head being smashed with the
rock, is the man who studies the Qur’aan then he neither recites it nor acts
upon it, and he goes to sleep, neglecting the obligatory prayers.’
According to another version: “As for the man whom you saw
with his head being crushed by a rock, he is a man who learned the Qur’aan
then abandoned it and he slept and missed the obligatory prayer.” Narrated
by al-Bukhaari (7076).
Al-Haafiz ibn Hajar (may Allaah have mercy on him) said that
this report is clearer than the first one. The apparent meaning of the first
one is that he is being punished for not reading Qur’aan at night, whereas
the second report indicates that he is punished for sleeping and missing the
obligatory prayer. He said: It may be that the punishment is for both, not
reading and not acting upon it.
Ibn Hajar said: Ibn Hubayrah said: Abandoning the Qur’aan
after learning it is a serious crime, because it may imply that he has seen
in it something that made him abandon it, and because he has abandoned the
noblest of things, namely the Qur’aan, he should be punished in the noblest
part of his body, which is the head. Fath al-Baari, 3/251
Consuming riba
In the hadeeth of Samurah (may Allaah be pleased with him) it
says:
“… So we went on and came to a river – I think he said, red
like blood. – In the river there was a man swimming, and on the bank there
was a man who had gathered many stones. Whilst the swimmer was swimming, the
man who had gathered the stones approached him. The swimmer opened his mouth
and the man on the bank threw a stone into it, then the swimmer carried on
swimming. Each time he came back, he opened his mouth again, and the man on
the bank threw another stone into his mouth. … The man you saw swimming in
the river with rocks being thrown into his mouth is the one who consumed
riba (usury).”
Zina (adultery, unlawful sexual relationships)
In the hadeeth of Samurah (may Allaah be pleased with him) it
says:
“So we went on, and came to something like a tannoor
(a kind of oven, lined with clay, usually used for baking bread). – I think
the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said, in that oven
there was much noise and voices. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah
be upon him) added: - We looked into it and saw naked men and women. A
flame of fire was reaching them from underneath, and when it reached them,
they cried out loudly. I asked them, ‘Who are these?’ … The naked men and
women whom you saw in a structure that resembled an oven are the adulterers
and adulteresses.”
Enjoining righteousness upon others and forgetting oneself
It was narrated that Anas ibn Maalik (may Allaah be pleased
with him) said: The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him)
said: “On the night on which I was taken on the Night Journey (Isra’), I saw
men whose lips were being cut off with scissors of fire. I said: ‘Who are
these, O Jibreel?’ He said: ‘These are the khateebs from among your ummah
who used to enjoin righteousness on the people and forget themselves, and
they used to recite the Book but they did not understand.’” Narrated by
Ahmad, 3/120; classed as saheeh by al-Albaani in al-Saheehah (291).
According to al-Bayhaqi: “On the night on which I was taken
on the night Journey, I came to some people whose lips were being cut off
with scissors of fire. Every time they were cut off, they were restored. I
said: ‘O Jibreel who are these?’ He said: ‘The khateebs of your ummah who
said what they did not do, and they recited the Book of Allaah but they did
not act upon it.’” Narrated by al-Bayhaqi in Shu’ab al-Eemaan;
classed as hasan by al-Albaani in Saheeh al-Jaami’ (128).
Breaking the fast in Ramadaan with no excuse
It was narrated that Abu Umaamah al-Baahili (may Allaah have
mercy on him) said: I heard the Messenger of Allaah (peace and
blessings of Allaah be upon him) say: “Whilst I was sleeping, two men came
to me and took me by the arms, and they brought me to a mountain and said:
‘Climb up.’ I said: ‘I cannot.’ They said: ‘We will make it easy for you.’
So I climbed up until, when I was at the top of the mountain, I heard loud
voices. I said: ‘What are these voices?’ He said: ‘These are the cries of
the people of Hell.’ Then they took me on, and I saw some people hanging by
their heels, with the sides of their mouths torn, and the sides of their
mouths were flowing with blood. I said: ‘Who are these?’ He said: ‘They are
the ones who broke the fast before it was permissible for them to do so.’”
Narrated by Ibn Hibbaan and al-Haakim (1/210, 290); classed as saheeh by
al-Albaani in al-Saheehah (3951).
Stealing from the war booty
This is indicated by the hadeeth of Abu Hurayrah (may Allaah
be pleased with him) about the man who stole a garment from the war booty,
and the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: “By
the One in Whose hand is my soul, the garment that he took from the booty on
the day of Khaybar when it had not yet been shared out is burning him with
fire.” Narrated by al-Bukhaari (4234) and Muslim (115).
Dragging one’s garment out of pride
This is indicated by the hadeeth of Ibn ‘Umar (may Allaah be
pleased with him), according to which the Prophet (peace and blessings
of Allaah be upon him) said: “Whilst a man was dragging his garment out of
pride, he was swallowed up by the earth and he will continue sinking into it
until the Day of Resurrection.” Narrated by al-Bukhaari (3485) and Muslim
(2088).
Stealing from the pilgrims
This is indicated by the hadeeth of Jaabir (may Allaah be
pleased with him) about the eclipse prayer, in which it says that the
Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: “Hell was
brought and that is when you saw me moving backwards for fear that its
flames might touch me. I saw therein the owner of the curved staff, dragging
his intestines in the Fire; he used to steal from the pilgrims with his
curved staff, and if he was discovered he would say, ‘It got caught on my
curved staff,’ but if he was not noticed then he would take it.” Narrated by
Muslim (904).
Detaining animals and tormenting them and not being
compassionate towards them
According to the hadeeth of Jaabir about the eclipse prayer,
the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: “And I
saw therein the woman who had a cat which she tied up and did not feed, and
she did not let it eat from the vermin of the earth, until it died of
starvation.” Narrated by Muslim (904).
Al- Bayhaqi said in his book Ithbaat ‘Adhaab al-Qabr
(p. 97):
When he offered the eclipse prayer, he saw the one who was
dragging his intestines in Hell, and the one who was being punished for
stealing, and the women who was being punished for a cat. They had become
decayed bones in their graves as far as the people of his time were
concerned, but those who were praying with him did not see what he saw. End
quote.
Debt
One of the things that harm the deceased in his grave is debt
that he owes. It was narrated that Sa’d ibn al-Atwal said: My brother died
and left behind three hundred dinars, and he left behind young children. I
wanted to spend on them, but the Messenger of Allaah (peace and
blessings of Allaah be upon him) said to me: “Your brother is being detained
by his debt, so go and pay it off.” So I went and paid it off, then I came
and said: O Messenger of Allaah, I have paid it off for him, and there is
nothing left but a woman who is claiming two dinars, but she does not have
any proof. He said: “Give it to her, for she is telling the truth.” Narrated
by Ahmad (16776) and Ibn Maajah (2/82); classed as saheeh by al-Albaani in
Saheeh al-Jaami’ (1550).
No comments:
Post a Comment